Key principles.
W/m·K
Copper 401, aluminum 235, steel 50, plastic 0.2.
Per °C expansion
Steel 12, aluminum 23, plastic 80-200, Invar 1.2 µm/m·°C.
J/kg·K
Heat capacity. Aluminum 900, steel 460, plastic 1500.
°C
Aluminum 660. Steel 1500. Tungsten 3400. Plastic varies.
Heat absorption
Melting absorbs heat. Used in heat pipes, PCM.
Surface property
Black anodize 0.9. Polished aluminum 0.05. Affects radiation.
FAQ
Diamond 2200, then copper 401, then silver 429, then aluminum 235 W/m·K.
Invar 36 ~1.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C. Then ceramics ~2-5. Plastics 80-200 highest.
Different CTE in mating parts causes thermal stress, dimensional drift over temperature.
Cooling capacity calculation. Higher specific heat = more heat absorption per °C.
Wax, salt hydrates absorb heat at melting. Used in cooling, thermal storage.
Radiation cooling depends on emissivity. Black surfaces emit more. Important at elevated temperature.
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